Dakota
Dakota is a female Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) who came
to the WSU Veterinary Teaching Hospital as a juvenile from Yakima,
Washington on November 18, 2004. She sustained injuries after being
shot by a pellet gun and then was hit by a car when she fell out of the sky.
She is not able to fully extend her right wing or to fly well enough to be
released. She is also blind in her right eye, making judging distance
nearly impossible for her.
Red-tailed Hawks can be found all aver North America, and as far north as
central Alaska and south to Panama. They are members of the genus
Buteo which is made up of the larger soaring hawks. These birds
have broad wings and tails which allow them to soar over open areas and they
can often be found circling over fields in search of food. Other
members of the Buteo family found in Washington include the
Swainson’s Hawk, the Rough-legged Hawk, the Ferruginous Hawk, and the
Red-shouldered Hawk.
Red Tailed Hawks typically weigh between 2 and 3 pounds. There is no
physical difference between males and females other than that the females
tend to be about one third larger than males. Adult birds are
typically dark brown on their backs and on the tops of their wings.
Their undersides are generally light with markings on their wings that can
be described as a dash followed by a comma located near the shoulder and
extending out toward the primary feathers. Adults may also show a
light colored patch of feathering on their chests, commonly referred to as a
“sunburstâ€. Immature Red-tailed Hawks resemble the adults but their
tails are brown with stripes. They will get their red tail with the
first molt at one year of age.
Red-tailed Hawks are very well adapted to locate prey from great distances.
Their eyesight is at least eight times more powerful than that of humans!
In other words, if a hawk were to stand at one end of a football field he
would be able to see a grasshopper jump across the end zone on the opposite
end with ease!
Red-tailed Hawks are opportunistic hunters and will eat animals as diverse
as rabbits, porcupines, snakes, lizards, insects and birds. However,
85% - 90% of their diet is made up of small rodents.
